Road safety behaviors in Sunchales, Argentina: Human, vehicle, and environmental factors

Abstract

Passive vehicle safety devices are crucial for reducing road traffic injuries and fatalities. This observational study examined the prevalence and influencing factors of helmet, seatbelt, and child restraint system use in Sunchales, Argentina. A total of 1077 four-wheel motor vehicle occupants and 1293 motorcycle occupants were observed. Results showed that 42.2% of the occupants in four-wheel vehicles utilized seatbelts, with a higher prevalence among drivers (52.3%) compared to passengers (25.4%). Child restraint systems were observed only in 8% of the children under 11 years of age, and 36% of child passengers were positioned in the front seat. Further analysis indicated that seatbelt use among drivers were more common in automobiles and in areas of the city characterized by a higher quality of life. Among passengers, seatbelt use was greater among adults aged 60 and older, as well as those occupying the front seat. Helmet use was high among motorcycle drivers (96%) and passengers (74%), but proper helmet use decreased to 63.2% and 42.6%, respectively. Factors associated with increased helmet use among motorcycle drivers included being female, carrying passengers, riding cross or sport motorcycles, possessing a license plate, and driving in areas with a higher quality of life index. Among motorcycle passengers, greater helmet endorsement was associated with having license plate and riding in areas with higher quality of life index. These findings underscore the influence of quality of life in various city areas as a relevant factor for understanding individual differences related to the use of protective safety measures among road users.